German A1 · Personal Pronouns & Present Tense
Personalpronomen – A1 German Grammar
Personal pronouns
Personal pronouns replace a person or a thing. These are the subject pronouns in German:
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| ich (I) | wir (we) |
| du (you) | ihr (you all) |
| er/sie/es (he/she/it) | sie (they) |
"Sie" (always capitalized) is the polite form of address for one or more people.
Example: Ich bin müde. (I am tired.) Wir lernen Deutsch. (We learn German.) Sie sind Herr Müller, oder? (You are Mr Müller, right?)
er / sie / es for things
The pronoun follows the gender of the noun, not the meaning:
- der Tisch → er · die Lampe → sie · das Buch → es
du or Sie?
- du: family, friends, children.
- Sie: strangers, at work, official situations (always capitalized: Sie).
Common mistakes
- ❌ Ich und du sind → ✅ Wir sind.
- Don't confuse sie (she/they, lowercase) and Sie (formal, capitalized).